Wikipedia on how early Zionist movement discriminated against Arab workers

The Zionist movement tried to find work for the new immigrants who arrived in the Second Aliyah [1904-1914].  However, most were middle class and were not physically fit or knowledgeable in agricultural work.  The Jewish plantation owners had previously hired Arab workers who accepted low wages and were very familiar with agriculture.  The leaders of the Zionist movement insisted that plantation owners (those who arrived in the First Aliyah) only hire Jewish workers and grant higher wages.  The conquest of labor was a major Zionist goal. However, this caused some turmoil in the Yishuv for there were those who felt that they were discriminating against the Arabs just as they had been discriminated against in Russia.  The Arabs became bitter from the discrimination despite the small number of Arabs that were affected by this.

~ Wikipedia, "Yishuv: Beginning of modern Aliyah"

Many of the European Jewish immigrants during the late 19th-early 20th century period gave up after a few months and went back to their country of origin, often suffering from hunger and disease.  David Ben-Gurion estimated that 90% of the Second Aliyah "despaired of the country and left."

~ Wikipedia, "Second Aliyah"

Jewish yishuv in Rishon Levion, 1882